Methodology for organizing chemistry lessons in general secondary schools based on a competency-based approach

Abstract

This article examines the methodological foundations of organizing chemistry lessons in general secondary schools based on a competency-based approach. The study emphasizes the transition from traditional content-centered instruction to student-centered learning focused on the formation of key and subject-specific competencies. Particular attention is given to developing students’ chemical thinking, practical experimental skills, and the ability to apply chemical knowledge in real-life contexts. The methodology integrates active learning strategies, problem-based tasks, laboratory experiments, and formative assessment tools to ensure sustainable learning outcomes. The paper also highlights the role of the chemistry teacher in designing competency-oriented lessons, selecting appropriate instructional methods, and creating an inclusive and motivating learning environment. The findings suggest that competency-based chemistry instruction enhances students’ cognitive engagement, scientific literacy, and readiness for further education, while contributing to the overall effectiveness of chemistry education in general secondary schools.