Public libraries and the early development of reading competence

Abstract

Public libraries serve as a critical community-based infrastructure supporting the early literacy and reading competence of children from birth through early elementary years. This article argues that public libraries function not merely as repositories of books but as dynamic, non-compulsory learning environments that employ a triad of foundational strategies to foster emergent and early reading skills. These strategies include curating accessible and diverse collections, facilitating developmentally appropriate programming, and engaging in purposeful outreach and caregiver education. The library’s role is positioned within an ecological framework, complementing formal education and the home literacy environment. By providing equitable access, modeling positive reading behaviors, and fostering a child’s motivation to read, public libraries make a unique and indispensable contribution to the complex process of becoming a competent reader. The article concludes with reflections on the challenges public libraries face in this mission and their evolving role in an increasingly digital society.