Advanced technologies and equipment used in underground construction

Abstract

This article analyzes innovative technologies applied in modern underground construction. In particular, high-performance Tunnel Boring Machines (TBM), intelligent digital monitoring systems, automated control technologies, and new-generation construction materials (high-strength concretes, geosynthetic materials, and grouting compounds) are examined in terms of their technical, economic, and operational advantages. The study substantiates, through scientific analysis, the role of these advanced technologies in reducing construction time, improving safety levels, and extending the service life of underground structures. The findings demonstrate that the implementation of innovative approaches significantly enhances the efficiency, reliability, and sustainability of underground infrastructure projects. The article is intended for civil engineers, researchers, design specialists, and practitioners working in the field of underground construction and geotechnical engineering.